{"id":628,"date":"2022-10-08T13:02:10","date_gmt":"2022-10-08T05:02:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/?p=628"},"modified":"2024-07-08T12:50:13","modified_gmt":"2024-07-08T04:50:13","slug":"%e5%85%ad%e6%8b%9b%e8%bd%bb%e6%9d%be%e6%90%9e%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%a0%e7%9a%84centos%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/2022\/10\/08\/%e5%85%ad%e6%8b%9b%e8%bd%bb%e6%9d%be%e6%90%9e%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%a0%e7%9a%84centos%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%ba\/","title":{"rendered":"\u516d\u62db\u8f7b\u677e\u641e\u5b9a\u4f60\u7684CentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Redhat\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7528\u7684\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u7c7bLinux\uff0c\u800c\u76ee\u524d\u9488\u5bf9Redhat\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u9ed1\u5ba2\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u505a\u597d\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5de5\u4f5c\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e00.\u00a0 \u8d26\u6237\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n

1.1 \u9501\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u81ea\u5efa\u5e10\u53f7<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5:<\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/shadow<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u8d26\u6237\u3001\u53e3\u4ee4\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u786e\u8ba4\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f2a\u5e10\u6237\u5982\uff1abin, sys\uff0cadm\uff0cuucp\uff0clp, nuucp\uff0chpdb, www, daemon\u7b49\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9501\u5b9a\u767b\u9646\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/passwd \/etc\/passwd_bak<\/code><\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/shadow \/etc\/shadow_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5:<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4passwd -l <\u7528\u6237\u540d>\u9501\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4passwd -u <\u7528\u6237\u540d>\u89e3\u9501\u9700\u8981\u6062\u590d\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"wKiom1PMmN6iNd8oAAQxO_Ba0gA889.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669:\u00a0\u00a0 \u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u786e\u8ba4\u6b64\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n

1.2\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u53e3\u4ee4\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/login.defs|grep PASS\u67e5\u770b\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/code><\/p>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

cp<\/code>\u00a0-p<\/code>\/etc\/login<\/code>.defs<\/code>\/etc\/login<\/code>.defs_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/login.defs\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/p>\n

PASS_MAX_DAYS\u00a0\u00a0 90\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>#\u65b0\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u957f\u4f7f\u7528\u5929\u6570<\/code><\/p>\n

PASS_MIN_DAYS\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>#\u65b0\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u77ed\u4f7f\u7528\u5929\u6570<\/code><\/p>\n

PASS_WARN_AGE\u00a0\u00a0 7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>#\u65b0\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5230\u671f\u63d0\u524d\u63d0\u9192\u5929\u6570<\/code><\/p>\n

PASS_MIN_LEN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/code>#\u6700\u5c0f\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea69<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"wKiom1PMmYDgaFffAAGbt_O3IIE402.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u65e0\u53ef\u89c1\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

1.3\u7981\u7528root\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/passwd \u67e5\u770b\u53e3\u4ee4\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53e3\u4ee4\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n

login_name\uff1apassword\uff1auser_ID\uff1agroup_ID\uff1acomment\uff1ahome_dir\uff1a<\/code>command<\/code><\/p>\n

login_name\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/p>\n

password\uff1a\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

user_ID\uff1a\u7528\u6237ID\uff0c\uff081 ~ 6000\uff09\u00a0\u00a0 \u82e5\u7528\u6237ID=0\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u67e5\u770b\u6b64\u5904\u662f\u5426\u6709\u591a\u4e2aID=0\u3002<\/p>\n

group_ID\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4ID<\/p>\n

comment\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u5168\u540d\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u6ce8\u91ca\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

home_dir\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6839\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

command\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u7684\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/passwd \/etc\/passwd_bak<\/code><\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4passwd -l <\u7528\u6237\u540d>\u9501\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u8d26\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4passwd -u <\u7528\u6237\u540d>\u89e3\u9501\u9700\u8981\u6062\u590d\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u8d26\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u786e\u8ba4\u6b64\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

1.4 \u9650\u5236\u80fd\u591fsu\u4e3aroot\u7684\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/pam.d\/su,\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709auth required \/lib\/security\/pam_wheel.so\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6761\u76ee<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/pam.d \/etc\/pam.d_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/pam.d\/su<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u5934\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n

auth required<\/code>\/lib\/security\/pam_wheel<\/code>.so group=wheel<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u6709wheel\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5<\/code>su<\/code>\u5230root<\/code><\/p>\n

#usermod -G10 test \u5c06test\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u5230wheel\u7ec4<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"wKioL1PMo8Cj5bBBAAGlp95PCWc908.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u9700\u8981PAM\u5305\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff1b\u5bf9pam\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5e94\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u9646\uff1b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u786e\u8ba4\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981su\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5e94\u5f53\u68c0\u67e5\/var\/log\/messages\u6216\u8005\/var\/log\/secure\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u6709\u6548<\/p>\n

\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aPAM\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u800c\u5f15\u8d77root\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528single user\u6216\u8005rescue\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

1.5\u00a0 \u68c0\u67e5shadow\u4e2d\u7a7a\u53e3\u4ee4\u5e10\u53f7<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#awk -F: '($2 == \"\") { print $1 }' \/etc\/shadow<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/code>cp<\/code>\u00a0-p<\/code>\/etc\/shadow<\/code>\u00a0\/etc\/shadow_bak<\/code><\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5bf9\u7a7a\u53e3\u4ee4\u8d26\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u9501\u5b9a\uff0c\u6216\u8981\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

\"wKiom1PMot_gFq-GAAA52K7nyv4906.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u7a7a\u53e3\u4ee4\u8d26\u6237\u662f\u5426\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u5e94\u7528\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

2.1 \u505c\u6b62\u6216\u7981\u7528\u4e0e\u627f\u8f7d\u4e1a\u52a1\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n

#who \u2013r\u6216runlevel\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dinit\u7ea7\u522b<\/code><\/p>\n

#chkconfig --list\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#chkconfig –level <\u670d\u52a1\u540d> on|off|reset\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u4e2ainit\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0b\u5f00\u673a\u662f\u5426\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n

\"wKiom1PMo2KQrT2UAAJFp1xqexY257.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n

3.1 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/profile\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770bumask\u7684\u503c<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/profile \/etc\/profile_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/code><\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/profile<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

umask<\/code>=027<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662fWEB\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u9879\u8c28\u614e\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n

4.1 \u4f7f\u7528SSH\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#ps \u2013aef | grep sshd\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u65e0\u6b64\u670d\u52a1<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5f00\u542fssh\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

#service sshd start<\/code><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u6539\u53d8\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e60\u60ef<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

4.2\u00a0 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7b56\u7565\u9650\u5236\u80fd\u591f\u7ba1\u7406\u672c\u673a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u65e0AllowUsers\u7684\u8bed\u53e5<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u53e5<\/code><\/p>\n

AllowUsers\u00a0 *@10.138.*.*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6b64\u53e5\u610f\u4e3a\uff1a\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb810.138.0.0<\/code>\/16<\/code>\u7f51\u6bb5\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7<\/code>ssh<\/code>\u8bbf<\/code>\u95ee<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4fdd\u5b58\u540e\u91cd\u542fssh\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

#service sshd restart<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u786e\u8ba4\u80fd\u591f\u7ba1\u7406\u7684IP\u6bb5<\/p>\n

4.3 \u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u9646<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u00a0 \u67e5\u770bPermitRootLogin\u662f\u5426\u4e3ano<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

PermitRootLogin no<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4fdd\u5b58\u540e\u91cd\u542fssh\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

service sshd restart<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"wKiom1PMqMnBKW4mAAA8ekDUcoU189.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1aroot\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u666e\u901a\u8d26\u53f7\u767b\u9646\u540esu<\/p>\n

4.4 \u9650\u5b9a\u4fe1\u4efb\u4e3b\u673a<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/hosts.equiv \u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/code><\/p>\n

#cat \/$HOME\/.rhosts\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/hosts.equiv \/etc\/hosts.equiv_bak<\/code><\/p>\n

#cp -p \/$HOME\/.rhosts \/$HOME\/.rhosts_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/hosts.equiv \u5220\u9664\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/code><\/p>\n

#vi \/$HOME\/.rhosts\u00a0\u00a0 \u5220\u9664\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u673a\u4e92\u5907\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a\u7684IP\u53ef\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

4.5\u00a0 \u5c4f\u853d\u767b\u5f55banner\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728Banner\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6216banner\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3aNONE<\/code><\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/motd\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8be5\u5904\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e3abanner\u4fe1\u606f\u663e\u793a\u7ed9\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config_bak<\/code><\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/motd \/etc\/motd_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u00a0<\/code><\/p>\n

banner NONE<\/code><\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/motd<\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u65e0\u53ef\u89c1\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

4.6 \u9632\u6b62\u8bef\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl+Alt+Del\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/inittab|grep ctrlaltdel\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u8f93\u5165\u884c\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u6ce8\u91ca<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/inittab \/etc\/inittab_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/inittab<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u884c\u5f00\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b26\u53f7\u201c#\u201d<\/p>\n

#ca::ctrlaltdel:\/sbin\/shutdown -t3 -r now<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"wKiom1PMpPqzQbzSAAAxCmyVwvg204.jpg\"<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u65e0\u53ef\u89c1\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u7528\u6237\u9274\u522b<\/p>\n

5.1\u00a0 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e10\u6237\u9501\u5b9a\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u9501\u5b9a\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u9501\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u65e0auth required pam_tally.so\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth<\/code><\/p>\n

auth required pam_tally.so onerr=fail deny=6 unlock_time=300\u00a0 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5bc6\u7801\u8fde\u7eed\u9519\u8bef6\u6b21\u9501\u5b9a\uff0c\u9501\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4300\u79d2<\/code>\u89e3\u9501\u7528\u6237 faillog\u00a0 -u\u00a0 <\u7528\u6237\u540d>\u00a0 -r<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u9700\u8981PAM\u5305\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff1b\u5bf9pam\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5e94\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u9646\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5e94\u5f53\u68c0\u67e5\/var\/log\/messages\u6216\u8005\/var\/log\/secure\u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

5.2 \u4fee\u6539\u5e10\u6237TMOUT\u503c\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u9500\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/profile\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u65e0TMOUT\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/profile \/etc\/profile_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/profile<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u589e\u52a0<\/p>\n

TMOUT=600\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u65e0\u64cd\u4f5c600\u79d2\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u51fa<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u65e0\u53ef\u89c1\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

5.3 Grub\/Lilo\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/grub.conf|grep password\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770bgrub\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/code><\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/lilo.conf|grep password\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770blilo\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/grub.conf \/etc\/grub.conf_bak<\/code><\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/lilo.conf \/etc\/lilo.conf_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e3agrub\u6216lilo\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1aetc\/grub.conf\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\/boot\/grub\/grub.conf<\/p>\n

5.4 \u9650\u5236FTP\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/ftpusers\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55FTP\u670d\u52a1<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/ftpusers \/etc\/ftpusers_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/ftpusers\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6dfb\u52a0\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u767b\u5f55FTP\u670d\u52a1<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u65e0\u53ef\u89c1\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

5.5 \u8bbe\u7f6eBash\u4fdd\u7559\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6761\u6570<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/profile|grep HISTSIZE=<\/code><\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/profile|grep HISTFILESIZE=\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u4fdd\u7559\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6761\u6570<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/profile \/etc\/profile_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/profile<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u4fee\u6539HISTSIZE=5\u548cHISTFILESIZE=5\u5373\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u76845\u6761\u547d\u4ee4<\/code><\/p>\n

\"wKiom1PMqJni9hpMAAAmfmsc010589.jpg\"<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u65e0\u53ef\u89c1\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

6.1 \u914d\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b56\u7565\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#ps \u2013aef | grep syslog\u00a0\u00a0 \u786e\u8ba4syslog\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528<\/code><\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/syslog.conf\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770bsyslogd\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff09\/var\/log\/messages<\/p>\n

cron\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff09\/var\/log\/cron<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff09\/var\/log\/secure<\/p>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/syslog.conf<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"wKioL1PMqY7ABD28AAHHDuI2SS8572.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

6.2 \u4e3a\u5ba1\u8ba1\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u914d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/logrotate.conf\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6e\u8be2\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6709\u65e0<\/code><\/p>\n

# rotate log files weekly<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

weekly<\/code><\/p>\n

# keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

rotate 4\u00a0 \u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/code><\/p>\n

\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#cp -p \/etc\/logrotate.conf \/etc\/logrotate.conf_bak<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

#vi \/etc\/logrotate.d\/syslog<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u589e\u52a0<\/p>\n

rotate 4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3a4\uff0c\u5f53\u7b2c5\u4e2a\u4ea7\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7<\/code><\/p>\n

size 100k\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u540e\u5e94\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5982\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/syslog\/<\/code>*_log {<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>missingok<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>notifempty<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>size 100k<\/code># log files will be rotated when they grow bigger that 100k.<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>rotate 5\u00a0<\/code># will keep the logs for 5 weeks.<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>compress\u00a0<\/code># log files will be compressed.<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>sharedscripts<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>postrotate<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>\/etc\/init<\/code>.d<\/code>\/syslog<\/code>\u00a0condrestart ><\/code>\/dev\/null<\/code>\u00a02>1 ||<\/code>true<\/code><\/p>\n

<\/code>endscript<\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/code>}<\/code><\/p>\n

\"wKiom1PMqEyDsiZ1AAFyz75OjBk439.jpg\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u65e0\u53ef\u89c1\u98ce\u9669<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Redhat\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7528\u7684\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u7c7bLinux\uff0c\u800c\u76ee\u524d\u9488\u5bf9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=628"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/628\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1205,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/628\/revisions\/1205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.nonot.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}